Passion :: essays research papers

â€Å"Florida State University, here we come!† Fort Lauderdale to Tallahassee, what an excursion! Out and about again†¦blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, out and about once more, that damn melody consistently in my mind when we’re going on a long transport ride. I should make sense of the words in the middle of, however I’m in every case excessively apathetic. Since I consider it, I despite everything have two cases to compose on the off chance that I need banter. Mr. Wakefield would slaughter me in the event that he knew I’m heading off to a gigantic state competition ill-equipped. I’m not stressed, I’ll do it after the first stop†¦I’m tired now at any rate. I’ll simply take a little rest. I woke up due to all the noise†¦we’re at the primary stop. It’s been four hours?! I’m still drained, thus, I set my head back once more. By and by, I woke up in light of the noise†¦we’re at the secon d stop now. I dozed through an additional four hours, I can’t trust it, and I didn’t complete anything! I’m not stressed, I’ll compose my cases after this stop†¦ I’m hungry at any rate. Thus, I ate a lot of bites, tuned in to my Walkman, and returned to the transport. I’m simply going to loosen up this moment; my head harms and my stomach is full. Here we are, Tallahassee, Florida! It’s OK, I’m not stressed, when we have supper and settle in our lodgings, I’ll compose my cases. Thus, we have supper, get our rooms, unload, and now I’m too drained to even think about writing my cases†¦ I’ll compose before the competition tomorrow. The competition is going to begin I still don’t have any cases ready†¦it’s OK; I can compose it before my rounds. I glance over aside and see somebody posting the gathers together. OK, adjusts are going to begin in a short time and I don’t have my cases prepared †OK, presently the time has come to freeze! All things considered, I generally said I work better under pressure†¦obviously, a ton of weight. I plunk down and I’m composing as quick as I can. Goodness, such a large number of ideas†¦my hand can’t keep up! I can smell the smoke originating from the pencil pounding on my notebook. I can hear myself pulling for myself†¦go, go, go, go, Usilia you’re magnificent! OK, it’s time to go to my round, so I plot my butt down close to the entryway and keep composing. At the point when my rival arrives, I tilt my scratch pad so he doesn’t see what I’m composing.

Singapore Essay example -- Politics, Social Control

Would singapore be able to be depicted as far as a Foucauldian ‘disciplinary society’ or a Deleuzian ‘control society’? Deleuze suggested that we are amidst move from Foucault’s ‘society of discipline’ to a ‘society of control’ (1992: 3). Dissimilar to the ‘disciplinary society’ where subjects progress starting with one ‘moulding’ foundation then onto the next (schools, school, production lines, workplaces, and so forth.), a ‘control society’ is exemplified by consistent balance (Wise, 2002: 32). As per Rose, control works by affiliating subjects to an assortment of practices which by configuration urge adherence to specific standards in present day liberal social orders (2000: 325). This is the thing that Deleuze implied by a ‘society of control’. Best accepts we have to embrace the Deleuzian idea of a ‘control society’ to clarify the social orders rising with regards to the expanded reconnaissance and system limit allowed by new ICTs (2010: 9). Then again, Hardt and Negri propose this ‘society of control’ is essentially a 'strengthening and speculation of the normalizing mechanical assemblies of disciplinarity', that presently coming to past the establishments that started them and into fluctuating systems (2000: 23). In like manner, Munro trusts Foucault’s disciplinary instrument need refreshing to align it with the limits of present day advances, not supplanting (2000: 693). It is important to recognize oblivious social control and social control corresponding to the establishment, the last being the arranged administration of a mingled human action (Lianos, 2003: 415). Institutional control is fundamental to the particular exercises, is typically bureaucratic, and 'is part both of the basis and the result of these exercises' (Lianos, 2003: 415). Lianos utilizes the case of... ... Google offers 'free' extra room, alongside different benefits and helpful apparatuses, in return for individual data that it may use to showcase focused on merchandise to its clients (Andrejevic, 2007: 296). Individuals presented their subtleties to Google and Facebook not out of dread or a feeling of obligation, however so they may appreciate the advantages advertised. In spite of the fact that Singaporeans do esteem their security, they are eager to present that protection in return for money related prizes or comfort (Hui et al., 2007: 27). These creators likewise report a developing disgruntlement at the expanding measures of data that sites are requesting. In any case, it was the amount of data mentioned, as opposed to the affectability of the data that had any noteworthy impact on consistence (Hui et al., 2007: 27). This unquestionably lines up with the ‘enticement model’ proposed by Whitaker (1999: 141).

Rugged Individualism

History as we probably am aware has numerous methods of depicting it, with all the authentic occasions that happened in the past it is a consequence of our American framework. As Americans, we live in a place where there is new chances at life and due to that we have the opportunity to live . â€Å"Every individual ought to have the option to help themselves out that would exclude the administration's aid†. This thought was initially presented in Herbert Hoover's discourse when he was leader of the United States. In spite of the fact that this thought alludes back during the Great Depression, Hoover accepted that Americans shouldn't be helped by one way or another by the legislature, monetarily speaking.In my point of view, I consider rough to be regarding any person who isn't being supported from the administration, yet in addition monetarily, however incentively through the brain. As I read along through books that identify with the American Dream, Hoover's concept of tough independence turned out to be progressively noticeable. Correspondingly books like â€Å"Ragged Dick† by Horatio Alger, â€Å"The Great Gatsby† by Scott Fitzgerald and â€Å"A Raison in the Sun† by Lorraine Hansberry, are tantamount that the possibility of rough independence is as yet being utilized and even through the present society.To outline tough independence through the book Ragged Dick, Alger made a book unveiling the nineteenth century way of life of a poor boot dark. In this book rough independence shows as a result of how Alger portrays the inspiration through his primary character â€Å"Dick†. He was fourteen years youthful and filled in as a ‘bootblack' otherwise known as shoeshiner kid and snoozed messy destroyed garments in the city of New York City. Alger depicted him as any customary kid that carried on with the hard life in the boulevards; he smokes and beverages occasionally.However, Dick would at present practice great deeds and some honorable men would be intrigued that how might a bootblack be so modest and mindful in his work in the avenues of New York. â€Å".. He was above doing anything mean or disreputable. He would not take, or cheat, or force upon more youthful young men, however was blunt and straight-forward, masculine and confident. His tendency was a respectable one, and had spared him from every mean deficiency. † Dick is a genuine case of somebody who I felt that reflected rugged individualism.He was raised without anyone else and never had a very remarkable job mode to turn upward to while growing up. He depended on himself to get clients to get their boots sparkled, he didn't gripe about living in the city or how unsanitary is his garments was from the work that he does. In my perspective, Dick didn't have help from anybody, or didn't anticipate anything from anybody, and on the off chance that he did he would be more than appreciative and brilliant enough to put it in the privileg e ways.In the book, he was dealt with very well by a more established man and his child, and during that time in the book he acted modest as he clarifies that he lives on a cardboard box in the city and didn't generally observe that cleanliness wasn't so essential to him, however what was significant was the manner by which he was going to take care of himself and live later on. Also, when he found an arrangement to show signs of improvement at what he does he utilizes that cash to put something aside for a condo and to put resources into for what's to come. In spite of the fact that riches can bring you satisfaction and achievement throughout everyday life, it can likewise you direct you in an inappropriate places.The primary character of the book by Fitzgerald is Gatsby who is an affluent man. He attempts to utilize his riches to draw in the consideration of a ladies named Daisy. This isn't the correct method of to get somebody to cherish you but on the other hand he's reasoning t hat his cash can bring him accomplishment of satisfaction. He accepts that his cash will cause him to prevail in his endeavor to get Daisy to fall back in adoration with him. He would be known to toss the biggest gatherings each saturday, and his visitor wouldn't realize who is he genuinely and why there's a gathering. Around then in the mid 1920's, each individual in new york city wanted to party.Furthermore Daisy enjoys the extravagant things, the celebrating and everything appears to be so acceptable, yet her heart is as yet dedicated to her significant other. Therefor Gatsby's arrangement was not fruitful in light of the fact that his arrangement wasn't a method of getting love back. Rough independence may not appear to be clear, however it does in a way that Gatsby needed to help from his cash to get his fantasies to materialize didn't work out. For he needed the gatherings to draw her consideration, even his enormous land and large manor couldn't assist him with fulfilling his fantasies with Daisy. Lorraine Hansberry made a book that was about dreams.In the story A Raisin in the Sun, the primary characters each have their own fantasy that they need to satisfy. The Youngers family battle to achieve these fantasies all through the finish of the story. Walter who is the man of the house needs to manage the cost of things for his family and give them a good life to live and not keeping down for his significant other and children. There's Beneatha his sister who needs to be a specialist and their Mama who simply needs to best for their family. Despite the fact that things didn't go as arranged, battles and pressure among Walter and his family even his significant other, things turned into a learning exercise to each one.Mama consistently knew best, and when everything boiled down to one choice, it needed to go Mama's direction. That Walter needed to turn down the proposal of a major check to get them from avoiding living at an all-white neighborhood. This ins tructed Walter that his child, Travis, admires him as the man of the family, and over the long haul, his choices will be thought about his child. He wouldn't need his child to think this is correct. Walter was obstinate all through the book that he simply needed to cash to accommodate his family, another house to live in, pearls to wear on his significant other, and a superior life for his son.But Walter didn't procure that cash, it was only the extra security of his dad and he didn't acquire any of it himself. In this book Walter is the case of tough independence in light of the fact that in spite of the fact that he was difficult to understand that it wasn't right to get that check to not live in an all-white neighborhood. On the off chance that he acknowledged it, the cash coming in wouldn't be on the grounds that he buckled down for it, it would in light of the fact that he needed the white individuals to have their method of keeping their neighborhood an all-white neighborhood. But nobody shouldn't be advised to live a specific zone as a result of their skin shading. So when Walter dismisses the offer, he is additionally tolerating the way that he should work more earnestly to give, and attempt to inspire his family somehow or another. It's superior to inspiring his family in the incorrect manner by tolerating that offer. That protection check was enticing for Walter to acknowledge, yet he didn't and later when his child would develop more seasoned, he would then be able to disclose to him that he has worked for all of that cash that kept his family together.In America today, we despite everything battle with individuals who don't satisfy the possibility of â€Å"rugged individualism†. I trust it isn't generally called by that term, yet individuals know it as the American Dream. Individuals who aren't acquainted with both are the individuals who figure arriving at your lifetime objectives don't require any exertion or any battles. For the individual s who become moguls are aftereffects of difficult work and work that put in to accomplish throughout everyday life. Anything worth having merits battling for, and along the way there should be battles and disappointments, however it is as yet a decision to continue attempting and to not give up.History as we probably am aware has numerous its methods of depicting it, all through all the recorded occasions that happened in the past it is a consequence of our American framework. As Americans, we live in a place where there is new chances at life and due to that we have the opportunity to live. With the three books that i've referenced, they are instances of the having the chance to inspire themselves in their lives. In each book they have reflected to the thought called â€Å"rugged individualism† which was presented by Herbert Hoover when he was leader of the United States.According to Hoover this thought implied that â€Å"any every individual ought to have the option to hel p themselves out that would exclude the administration's aid†. All things being equal, I consider rough to be with regards to any person who isn't being helped from the legislature, yet in addition monetarily, however incentively through the brain. As I read through the three books, each writer had their methods of reflecting rough independence through their characters, and with the battles and choices they made through the books.

Marketing Communications on The Smartphone Market Essay - 1

Showcasing Communications on The Smartphone Market - Essay Example This examination will start with the explanation that incorporated promoting interchanges allude to frameworks used to design correspondences so as to profit a business by dispersing its advertising efforts all the more successfully and in this way reducing its showcasing costs. By coordinating showcasing structures, for example, online networking roads, publicizing, telemarketing, and direct deals, one can bring more consistency and clearness into the message that is focused on buyers. Cell phone organizations are continually looking for an edge in the hyper-serious cell phone advertise by either speeding up or presenting perpetually vigorous application frameworks into their items. Normally, these progressions rouse promoting administrators of cell phone organizations to think of strategic and vital showcasing plans that permit them to have the option to draw in potential shoppers through the diverse versatile stages that are made. Google Inc. made a working framework, Android, tha t quickly gave it an edge in the Smartphone showcase. Its advertising plan has assumed an incredible job in continuing its seriousness. Item Google Inc. utilizes distinctive promoting ideas to showcase the Android-iOS in various locales of the world. Since Google propelled the main Android framework in 2008, the item has stayed in high open interest because of the ordinary expansion of angles, for example, highlights and (applications) which are as often as possible refreshed and empower clients to utilize them. For example, clients with an inclination for contact screens or ‘qwerty’ screens can utilize Android as it has the two applications. Likewise, clients who wish for widescreen presentations can likewise utilize the android framework. Cost - concerning value, Google’s clients can change their spending plans to suit redid android frameworks with their favored highlights. Most by far of android retailers sell the framework for under 100$ with every one of its highlights and advantages included. This is far less expensive than what the frameworks made by Apple and Nokia retail for. Advancement - The android is a notable and profoundly regarded brand. These qualities separate it from different contenders. Moreover, Google has put resources into limited time battles that incorporate utilizing the print media, TV promoting, and the web to arrive at cell phone clients.

Journal Of Business Economics Management -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Examine About The Journal Of Business Economics Management? Answer: Presentation Representative execution and prizes the executives is a procedure of remunerating the workers as far as different advantages, pay and wages to guarantee that the workers are happy with their activity job, give their best foot forward and give greatest profitability. The prize administration framework was presented after the clinicians considered the conduct of the people how the individuals responds to prizes and remunerations and how it persuades them to proceed with their best execution. The clinicians have made certain persuasive hypotheses, which are firmly related with the thoughts of inspirational prize framework. In this report the article identified with Samsung paying compensation to the representatives will be examined, the principle issue of remunerations will be investigated. The subject will likewise be examined relating it with the worker relations challenges, execution the executives, learning and advancement, inspiration and prizes, overseeing assorted variety, and re presentative turnover and maintenance. Having a productive arrangement of remuneration, is necessary with the goal that the representatives come to know in insights regarding their errand sand show the aptitudes to do it, they will have the degree of inspiration required to work and give best execution. The main motivation behind this report is to distinguish the issue identified with execution reward the executives, break down the speculations identified with the theme lastly to give answers for the issue. The Issue Related To Performance and Rewards in the Story The story gave in the article is about the organization Samsung, the organization has paid uncommon reward to their representatives having a place with their versatile division who were genuine in their work (Haider et al., 2015). Regardless of the terrible showing of the organization for that year, they kept the division running and forestalled any pointless incline down in the organization, as Samsung was not doing great in business during the year. Samsung has taken up this activity to spur their representatives during such a difficult time by paying them rewards (Pepper Gore, 2015). As indicated by the expressions of a Samsung official, Samsung will attempt to spur laborers through legitimate remuneration. The choice for greatest rewards to versatile representatives incorporates the organization administrations would like to continue on their given strategic new initiative. The main issue to recognize in this report is to discover the job of remunerations and execution pays and h ow that persuades the representatives, regardless of whether budgetary pay truly inspires the workers to proceeding with their best execution, how is pay identified with representative inspiration (Joshi et al., 2015). The Theories on Compensation or Rewards and the Performance of Employees To comprehend which of the segments of pay are better in viability, the speculations of compensation of representatives are required to be (Caza, McCarter Northcraft, 2015). There are three such speculations of representative pay Reinforcement and Expectancy hypotheses, Equity hypothesis and Agency hypothesis. Fortification Theory As indicated by the Reinforcement hypothesis, the activity of an individual which is compensated or acknowledged will be rehashed again(Malik, Butt Choi, 2015). The impact of pay is that if a worker gives high caliber of work and for that, on the off chance that financial prizes are given to that representative, at that point he/she will be bound to keep delivering such work once more (Lee et al., 2015). Following a similar hypothesis, on the off chance that an excellent presentation isn't trailed by individual remuneration, at that point all things considered, such activity will never be rehashed ever again (Terera Ngirande, 2014). The hypothesis underlines the significance of an individual really encountering the prize. Anticipation Theory Like the Reinforcement hypothesis, Expectancy hypothesis propounded by Victor H. Vroom a teacher in Yale School of Management, centers around the association between remunerations or prizes and behavior(Hameed, Ramzan Zubair, 2014). As indicated by the Expectancy hypothesis, inspiration is the result of valence, help and individual hope. The frameworks of compensation can fluctuate when these persuasive segments will be affected. Valence of pay and its results continue as before inside various compensation frameworks. The Expectancy hypothesis manages the structure of work and preparing instead of pay system. Value Theory As per Equity hypothesis, the worker who encounters disparity or injustice in his/her remuneration consistently tries to get equity(Kala, 2015). The hypothesis proposes balance in the compensation system of the workers. The treatment of the representatives by their organizations holds most extreme significance to them. The explanation which says a reasonable day work for reasonable day pay realizes a feeling of value among the representatives. At the point when workers experience imbalance then it can bring about diminishing in efficiency, high number of truants or reduction in income of the organization. Office Theory The office hypothesis accentuates on the different objectives and points of the partners gracious an association and the manners by which compensation of a worker can be changed to suit those objectives. In a specialty unit, the two partners are the workers and the businesses, representatives take upon the job of principals and the workers assume the job of operators (Aslam et al., 2015). It is characteristic that the representatives expect high organization costs while the businesses try to limit it. As per the office hypothesis the business or the rule must pick a contracting plan that can alter the interests of the workers or the operators with the interests of the business. These understandings can be designated either conduct arranged (for example merit pay) or result situated (for example investment opportunity plans, benefit sharing, and commission) At the essential sight, result situated agreements seem, by all accounts, to be the most ideal plan. The advantages delighted in by the workers increment with the expansion in the benefits of the organization, and simultaneously the prizes decline if the business experience loss of income. The Different Types of Rewards Prizes are required in the associations and they assume a colossal job in rousing the workers (Howard,Turban Hurley, 2016). They effectively achieve higher hierarchical objectives, help in making sure about better nature of workers and to expand their yearly income. The premier target is to fabricate people's excitement to work in one's association, to redesign their proficiency. There are two sorts of prizes: Extraneous prizes: strong measure of remunerations that the workers get. Rewards: By and enormous reliably, Bonuses instigates the workers to place in all undertakings and attempts amidst the year to accomplish in excess of a good evaluation that develops the probability of acquiring a few compensation as specific aggregate (De Gieter Hofmans, 2015). The plans identified with rewards varies inside associations; while a portion of the associations guarantee fixed measure of rewards, then again different associations pay rewards to their representatives based on their presentation consistently, this procedure rather expands the odds of predispositions to happen and that may at last lead to worker disappointment and loss of efficiency. In this manner, supervisors must be mindful so as to stay fair. Compensation raise: The representatives accomplish this sort of remunerations following a time of difficult work, and this raise propels the representatives to increase new aptitudes and improve their exhibition. The raise in pay brings about the drawn out activity fulfillment of the representatives. In these, sort of circumstances identified with pay raise the administrators ought to stay fair and judge the representatives just as indicated by their presentation and there ought not be any segregation among the workers. Blessings: These kinds of remunerations are a momentary based gratefulness technique. On a very basic level introduced as a token of appreciation for an accomplishment or getting an affiliations required objective (Clot et al., 2015). Any representative would hold this sort of remuneration in high respects and they would pick up trust in their work. This sort of remuneration guarantees the representative that his/her way id the right one and subsequently they attempt to keep doing awesome future too. Advancement: This is very like the pay raise mechanism of remuneration. Advancements will in general make a drawn out fulfillment in the brains of the representatives (Al-Emadi, Schwabenland Wei, 2015). This is finished by permitting a worker to ascend to a higher assignment and by giving a higher title; this will obviously accompany an expansion in the duties and responsibility. The enthusiasm of the worker is expanded in this kind of remuneration as they accept that the executives will pick the individuals who will demonstrate to suit the assignments best. In this sort of remunerations too the individuals who are in the administration ought to be mindful so as to pick the competitors dependent on their benefits as it were. Inherent prizes: these kinds of remunerations will in general give certain degrees of individual fulfillment to the workers. Data/input: This is a huge kind of remuneration which is trailed by the viable directors as it holds enormous significance to the worker just as for the administration. Criticisms offer direction to the workers whether in a positive way or in a negative way. This procedure simultaneously make a bond and furthermore increases the value of the administration and worker relationship. Acknowledgment: Recognition can be clarified as the verbal type of appreciation. This sort of remuneration might be given to the individual worker through proper gatherings or under casual conditions. Trust/strengthening: In the social orders or in any associations, trust is an indispensable prerequisite between two people or between a representative and the association. Trust is significant so as to finish the undertakings effectively, this prompts increment in responsibility and aides in winning the certainty of the administration, a

MIT Undergraduates by Major

MIT Undergraduates by Major source: http://web.mit.edu/registrar/stats/yrpts/index.html (fall 09-10). O is undeclared sophomores. Forgot to list CMS though (16 students). =/ Hahaha its actually a pretty hard to read graph, but its sequential by major number starting from the top and going clockwise. Taken from here: Sometimes, it seems like MIT people only speak in numbers. Youll hear sentences like I have 6.001 in 10-250 at 2:30, then my Course 9 UROP in Building 46. This is part of MIT-speak. Heres a primer. Each of MITs majors known as Courses, with a capital C is known by a number (sometimes given in Roman numerals). These numbers are in approximate order of the founding of MITs course in that area. For example, Courses 1 through 5 represent MITs original five majors: Course 1: Civil Environmental Engineering (founded as Civil Topographical Engineering) Course 2: Mechanical Engineering Course 3: Materials Science Engineering (founded as Geology and Mining; Geology is now a part of Course 12, Earth, Atmospheric Planetary Sciences) Course 4: Architecture (founded as Building and Architecture) Course 5: Chemistry (founded as Practical Chemistry) A full list of the Courses can be found here. Each class or course, with a lower-case c in each department also is designated by a number. Hence, the introductory calculus class in Mathematics Course 18 is known as 18.01. Similarly, an advanced astrophysics course in the Physics department Course 8 is called 8.971. Heres how the course numbers evolved. More on each major: Class of 2013 Major Advising Site Heres what all the numbers stand for! Course 1 Civil and Environmental Engineering Course 2 Mechanical Engineering Course 3 Material Science and Engineering Course 4 Architecture Course 5 Chemistry Course 6 Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Course 7 Biology Course 8 Physics Course 9 Brain and Cognitive Sciences Course 10 Chemical Engineering Course 11 Urban Studies and Planning Course 12 Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Course 14 Economics Course 15 Sloan School of Management Course 16 Aeronautics and Astronautics Course 17 Political Science Course 18 Mathematics Course 20 Biological Engineering Course 21A Anthropology Course 21F Foreign Language and Literatures Course 21H History Course 21L Literature Course 21M Music Course 21W Writing and Humanistic Studies Course 22 Nuclear Science and Engineering Course 24 Linguistics and Philosophy CMS Comparative Media Studies STS Science, Technology, and Society WGS Womens and Gender Studies If you find yourself bored at home with nothing to do this break, LEARN MULTIVARIABLE CALCULUS! If you dont know by now (and you should know), MIT has this really awesome site called OpenCourseWare, where MIT posts the course material for A HECKLOAD of its courses for students all over the world to self-study (and also serves as a great repository of past exams for us students who are taking the live lecture version of the subject during the term). Over the years, theyve been filming live lectures and putting them online, which is super cool because theyre the exact same lectures that we had here! (be sure to also check out 8.01 with the globally acclaimed Professor Lewin) During my freshman year, I took 18.02 (a requirement here for all students Multivariable Calc) with Professor Denis Auroux, who is a simply outstanding professor. I was actually IN THE SAME CLASS as this set of video lectures from Fall 2007! Sadly, Professor Auroux is on leave at UC Berkeley now, and the froshies this year didnt get to have him for 18.02, but his lectures are nothing short of legendary (how many classes have YOU been in where students gave standing ovations during the last lecture?! see the last lecture of the series). For other Auroux related fame, just youtube A Lovely Phone Call or facebook and youtube Auroux. :P I wont be blogging again till 2010, so a very happy new year to everyone! ^______^V

The Motivation of Materialism - Literature Essay Samples

Since the advent of bartering, materialism has been a prime concern for human beings. Inherent in our human nature is the desire to improve ourselves. This originates as an individualist need for improvement. The only way the individual can measure their standard of living is through comparison with others. This inspires competition in human beings as each person attempts to accrue as much wealth as they possibly can. Over the years, what determines wealth has varied, but its effect has always remained the same; wealth secures the social well being of an individual and that of their progeny. In Homers Iliad human materialism is conveyed beautifully, but it is also contradicted by the actions of Achilles and Priam towards the end of the poem. This contradiction only serves to reinforce the predominance of human materialism, as it is a byproduct of the extreme circumstances that both Achilles and Priam must endure.The first confrontation with human materialism occurs at the very o utset of the poem. During the argument between Achilles and Agamemnon, the question of capital is consistently coming into question as an important part of the debate process. Achilles is angry at Agamemnon for being villainous in his greed: my arms bear the brunt of the raw, savage fighting, true, but when it comes to dividing up the plunder the lions share is yours, and back I go to my ships, clutching some scrap, some pittance (p.83). Achilles feels that Agamemnon is stripping all his labor and becomes furious about it. The two both debate with each other as to who is truly the greatest of the Achaens and this question of materialism constantly looms overhead and presents itself as a possible determinant to their question.Even the gods use materialism as a form of intervention. When Diomedes and Glaucus trade armor as a signal of friendship, it is explained that Zeus, stole Glaucus wits away. He traded his gold armor for bronze with Diomedes, the worth of a hundred oxen just for nine (p.203). This shows that human materialism skews even an attempt at friendship. Diomedes undermines his effort through his greed and treachery which is characteristic of almost all the humans in this poem. Also it is interesting that the importance of this trade is contingent on the value of the armor in material terms, but not in terms of how well the armor provides protection. A more solid example of the use of materialism with the deities is the offering system. The gods consistently desire offerings from humans and humans find it an easy way to curry favor. Zeus exemplifies this in his lament over the death of Hector I loved him, at least: he never stinted with gifts to please my heart (p.590).In this poem, women are often used as material objects as well. The whole war was started over a social well being fight between Athena, Hera, and Aphrodite where Paris agreed to choose Aphrodite over the other two in exchange for Helen who is seen as a commodity. Also, whe n Paris is considering bartering with Menelaus to call off the war, he tries to equate Helen with material goods that he expects Menelaus to accept in lieu of her; however, Helen is worth more to him than Paris could ever offer. If he was willing to start a war for her, then the only logical conclusion is that she is the only compensation he would be willing to accept.Later on when Agamemnon is trying to convince Achilles to come back and fight for him, in addition to massive amounts of treasure, Agamemnon adds Briseis, the girl Achilles loves to the list of rewards. She is considered just another token who is described as a prize by both Achilles and Agamemnon. Achilles says, I loved that woman with all my heart, though I won her like a trophy with my spear (p.263). But by that point, even his reported love for her is insignificant next to the ongoing rivalry of relative well being between Agamemnon and Achilles. By this point it is far more important that he remains better t han Agamemnon which is the true value of the material wealth. Agamemnon too is not ready to give up his presumption of being the greater man (p.256). Even though he humbles himself to the point of asking Achilles to come back and offers him great military compensation, he still wants Achilles to submit to his will and accept Agamemnon as a superior man.Although Achilles refusal of Agamemnons offer appears to point towards Achilles disregard for material wealth, this is not the case for two reasons. Firstly there is the explanation that materialism needs to translate into social welfare. By not returning, Achilles retains his position of superiority whereas by making this offer, Agamemnon has humbled himself. Secondly, Achilles knows from his mother that if he returns to aid the Argives that he will die. Therefore, even material wealth is no incentive to return to battle, as he will never have the opportunity to reap the benefits from it. The only consideration for him now is w hether a long undistinguished life or a short glorious life would grant him the greatest utility in life.It is not until the death of his beloved Patroclus that Achilles returns to battle. Upon his return, Agamemnon attempts to provide Achilles with all the material wealth, but at this point, Achilles no longer cares for it. The death of Patroclus is worse to Achilles than his own death. Since now he is beyond death, the importance of things such as material gain are now nonexistent. For this reason Achilles refuses all the things that Agamemnon tries to provide for him. Agamemnon is taken aback by Achilles refusal and perhaps believes that this is a continuation of the epic battle between them. For that reason he insists that Achilles accept the gifts that had been promised him. But at this point Achilles is beyond caring about even the things, which mattered to him most previously. Achilles refuses to accept any form of sustenance until he has adequately avenged Patroclus. This further acts to separate Achilles from humanity. Even his love for Briseis, the main source of conflict between him and Agamemnon, is now not even a trifle in comparison to his emotion for the martyred Patroclus.After Patroclus is avenged through the death of Hector, Achilles holds funeral games in honor of Patroclus. These games all show the elite of the Argive warriors competing with one another for material goods which Achilles provides. Amongst these goods are oxen and women. Again women are just seen as material gains. It is interesting that during these games, Achilles rewards Antilochus with an extra half a bar of gold for flattery; Antilochus, how can I let your praise go unrewarded? (p.584). It is unclear whether Achilles does this because he cares nothing for the gold and he remembers that Antilochus does, or whether the flattery somewhat reminds him of his humanity and brings him some sense of satisfaction in this time after his rage has been somewhat satiate d. At the end of these games, Achilles cajoles Agamemnon into accepting an inferior prize by using his pride, Atrides well we know how far you excel us allTake first prize and return to your hollow ships while we award this spear to the fighter Meriones (p.587). Agamemnon is tricked into accepting a lesser material gain. Achilles is essentially taking advantage of Agamemnons humanity by sacrificing the very same material gains that used to be so important to him.Zeus, apparently still not understanding the transformation Achilles has gone through, wants to send someone bearing gifts to Achilles, gifts to melt his rage (p.592). Since by this point he has moved past rage and into sorrow, he is willing to accept the terms, but only since Zeus insists. Priam, Hectors father, brings a priceless ransom to Achilles in return for the body, but this is more of a representation of how much Hector is worth to him rather than how much Achilles wants for the body. The fact that Priam had n ot allowed sustenance to enter his body until he had received the body of Hector is reminiscent of Achilles after the death of Patroclus. Perhaps Achilles allowed the return of Hector, since he understood that Priam had exited humanity as he had and that only the return of Hector would satisfy his sorrow. Achilles tries to reconcile returning the body of Hector with the spirit of Patroclus and of himself. Since he cannot bring himself to admit that he returned the body based on his empathy with Priam, he tries to rationalize his action through material grounds: Feel no anger at me, Patroclus, if you learnI let his father have Prince Hector back. He gave me worthy ransom and you shall have your share from me (p.607). Achilles says this even though he truly knows that the ransom is physically inconsequential for Patroclus, and mentally inconsequential for himself.Materialism is a predominant theme in the Iliad. Its significance is best understood when united with its purpose. T he importance of materialism is that greater material wealth implies greater social standing which is the ultimate goal. All the characters, even the deities, are subject to this overwhelming lust for materialism. The only exceptions to this come at the end with Achilles and Priam. Achilles is forced to endure the death of the person he loved more than life itself. This causes him to lose his humanity making material gains insignificant. Achilles is ultimately unable to resolve his emotions and only capable of calming his rage. Priam is merely a repetition of the scenario that developed around Achilles, except that Priam is unable to use his rage in the same manner that Achilles does. Priam is willing to offer whatever ransom Achilles desires, since his most important son is dead, and thus his material worth is no longer important. The exceptions of Achilles and Priam occur under extraordinary circumstances making the importance of human materialism all the more exciting. A ll the other humans, who have not suffered such heart wrenching agony, are all still very materialistically driven. With Achilles, the story is much more compelling since he initially is very interested in his own social welfare, but later finds himself staring death in the face and welcoming it when it comes. At the end of the poem, Achilles once again sleeps with Briseis. This signifies that he is rehabilitating himself and trying to return to his humanity. Furthermore, he accepts the ransom which is a step towards materialism, even if the value of the ransom is inconsequential to him presently. The beautiful irony is that his efforts to return to humanity will be in vain as he will soon be killed.

Social Equality And Political Freedom - 1563 Words

A) It is unsurprising that social equality and political freedom are positively correlated with environmental protection and sustainability. This is observed as as environmental problems bear down disproportionately upon the poor, who do not share the same equalities and freedoms as others (Agyeman et al., p. 1). This relationship exists due to increased political power enjoyed by the wealthy and required corporate profit maximization for shareholders. Political power and voracious desire for profits is a dangerous combination. Put together, these two components form a positive feedback loop because the wealthier someone becomes, the most political power he/she gains. This relationship results in facilitated cost externalization on lower†¦show more content†¦(Agyeman et al., p. 6). This report serves as further evidence of the environmental injustices faced by minorities who do not have the power to face the corporations who own the hazardous waste facilities. It is laughabl e to think of what would occur if such a facility was proposed in Beverly Hills or Montecito because the citizens would be up in arms with many lawyers and politicians. Because predominantly ethnic and poor communities do not have such resources, they are unfairly subject to pollution which results from profit maximization. In conclusion, corporations extracting additional revenues damages the health of poor neighborhoods who do not have the capacity to resist the pollution in their homes. Of the various definitions for â€Å"sustainability† and â€Å"sustainable development† put forth by Agyeman, Bullard, and Evans, the most compelling and useful defines one sustainability as â€Å"the need to ensure a better quality of life for all, now, and into the future, in a just and equitable manner, while living within the limits of supporting ecosystems (Agyeman et al., p. 2). This definition is particularly suitable to sustainability because it captures its social justice c omponent rather than portraying it as a solely environmental issue. Another key part is the mentioning of intra-generational equity which is crucial because many people fighting for sustainability will not be able to see the fruits of their labor but must stillShow MoreRelatedFormal and Substantive Equality1185 Words   |  5 Pagesformal (or procedural) equality and substantive equality. Formal equality is known as the formal, legal equality. This is the equality that is seen as one law should be applied to all people, social and personal characteristics are no factor. Formal equality aims to distribute equality fairly and evenly, and aims to treat people the same. Formal equality does not ensure the wellbeing of individuals based on race, ethnicity, sex, age etc. Unfortunately, this side of equality does not recognize diversityRead MorePolitics is the Manner in Which Society is Organized1767 Words   |  7 Pagesnot just political systems but they are also a set of rules and theories. Democracy is the branch of politics that has to do with the organisation of society through the collectively binding decision-making of the entire population. Liberalism on the other hand is a philosophy of politics that has to do with the freedom of control and interference from a governmental organisation. The values of equality in liberalism and democracy are two very different bu t important ideals. Liberal equality is theRead MorePolitical Identity Essay1064 Words   |  5 PagesEveryone has their own political identity made up of a mixture of multiple opinions and ideologies. The four main factors that go into someone’s political identity are their ethnic identity, national identity, political attitude, and political ideology. I decided to interview my mom and figure out a little bit about her political identity and how she stands on certain topics. The first factor of someone’s political identity is their ethnic identity. According to Essentials of Comparative PoliticsRead MorePresident Obama Addressed The Nation s Problem Of Inequality1398 Words   |  6 PagesIn his 2013 Inaugural Address, President Barack Obama addressed the nation’s problem of inequality people are faced with each and everyday day and how these inequalities affect the concept of freedom. He said, â€Å"For our journey is not complete until our wives, our mothers, and daughters can earn a living equal to their efforts. Our journey is not complete until our gay brothers and sisters are treated like anyone else under the law – for if we are truly created equal, then surely the love we commitRead MoreThe Freedom And Freedom Of The United States1499 Words   |  6 PagesKnowing the Meaning of Freedom Freedom and liberties are the most popular and significant topic in the United States. However, what’s the freedom and who can enjoy the freedom became the controversial arguments in America during its post-civil war period. Since people with different gender, different race, and even different customs may have their own opinions and prospects of the rights they should have, white Americans, African Americans, immigrants and even women were trying to define and striveRead MorePolitical Ideology Essay1274 Words   |  6 PagesPolitical Ideology Essay Through out the past there have been many different forms of political ideology. With all theses different types of government you have to wonder sometimes which one of theses forms of government would be the best to run the ideal society. In this paper I will compare and contrast; liberalism, social democracy, fascism, communism, and anarchy. Also I will give my opinion on which one of these forms of government would be the most ideal to run a modern day county or societyRead MorePublic Goods And Social Expenditure1218 Words   |  5 PagesPublic Goods and Social Expenditure In politics, there are many ways that people identify themselves in society. These are broken down into two main categories: ethnic and national identity. Ethnic identity is a group’s specific characteristics or societal institutions that make the group culturally different from others. Ethnic identities are often based on customs, language, geographic locations, history, race, religion, and many other factors. People do not choose their ethnicities, they areRead MoreFreedom And Its Effect On Society1344 Words   |  6 Pages Freedom comes in many different levels in our society with freedoms being tested and tried differently in various countries. The term ‘freedom’ as with many things can be interrupted in many different ways with different cultures and religious beliefs affecting what freedoms you may or may not have. we live in a society where we are lucky in that we are able to express our freedoms more widely than a lot of states can. Decisions like going to school or holiday is expressing our freedom withoutRead MoreThe Intellectual Tradition Of Political Economy1692 Words   |  7 PagesName Tutor Course Date Intellectual Traditions in Political Economy i) In what significant ways does modern liberalism break from classical liberalism s conceptualization of the market? In your answer, be sure to focus on the principles of classical and modern liberalism, as well as key 20th-century intellectual developments in each tradition. The definitional conceptualization of the five premises of political economy underscores the differences classical and modern liberalism. These premisesRead MoreThomas Hobbes And John Locke1136 Words   |  5 PagesThomas Hobbes and John Locke were both political theorist’s that theorized the way a political society should be. Hobbes was the precursor of modern totalitarianism, and Locke was the precursor for classical liberalism. While both theorist’s shared similar views of justice, they also had disagreements of others. For Hobbes, justice is purely the creation of sovereign, while Locke views justice as setting the limits and providing the direction for civic justice. Lock has the better view for a just

Daily Mandarin Lesson Love in Chinese

Love is a central part of life, perhaps even the most important! Expressing love in a foreign language can be difficult and require a good sense of the language, but starting from the word for love itself is a good idea.   Character The Chinese character for love or to love is æ„› in traditional Chinese, but it can also be written as çˆ ± in simplified Chinese. Traditional Chinese is more commonly used in Taiwan and Hong Kong, whereas simplified Chinese is used in mainland China. The main difference between the two characters is that the simplified version does not have the component, Ã¥ ¿Æ'. In Chinese, Ã¥ ¿Æ' (xÄ «n) means heart.  Thus, a running joke among advocates of traditional Chinese is that there is no love in places that use simplified Chinese because the character is stripped of its heart.   æ„› /  Ã§Ë† ± can be used as a noun or as a verb—to love someone or to love doing something. The character is roughly used in the same manner as the Chinese character Ã¥â€"Å"æ ¬ ¢, which means like or to like. Pronunciation The pinyin for æ„› /  Ã§Ë† ±Ã‚  is à  i. The character is pronounced in the 4th tone, and can also be referred to as ai4. Sentence Examples Using  Ãƒâ‚¬i TÄ  à  i chà  ng gÄ“.ä »â€"æ„›å” ±Ã¦ ­Å'ä »â€"çˆ ±Ã¥â€ ±Ã¦ ­Å'He loves to sing. WÇ’ à  i nÇ Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã¦â€žâ€ºÃ¤ ½  Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã§Ë† ±Ã¤ ½  I love you.   Zhà ¨ shà ¬ yÄ «gà ¨ à  iqà ­ng gà ¹shà ¬.這æ˜ ¯Ã¤ ¸â‚¬Ã¥â‚¬â€¹Ã¦â€žâ€ºÃ¦Æ'…æ•…ä ºâ€¹Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ¨ ¿â„¢Ã¦Ëœ ¯Ã¤ ¸â‚¬Ã¤ ¸ ªÃ§Ë† ±Ã¦Æ'…æ•…ä ºâ€¹Ã£â‚¬â€šThis is a love story. TÄ men zà  i bÄ›ijÄ «ng à  i shà  ngle.ä »â€"們åÅ" ¨Ã¥Å'â€"ä º ¬Ã¦â€žâ€ºÃ¤ ¸Å Ã¤ ºâ€ Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ¤ »â€"ä » ¬Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥Å'â€"ä º ¬Ã§Ë† ±Ã¤ ¸Å Ã¤ ºâ€ Ã£â‚¬â€šThey fell in love in Beijing.

Daniel Shays s Influence On American History - 1293 Words

Daniel Shays was born in 1747, being the second child out of (what would be) six children. His father, an immigrant from Ireland, worked as a servant. Shays did not have much of an education. However, he worked as a farm laborer like most young men in this time period. Once he got older, moved away from his parents, and settled with his wife, he became a farmer in West Massachusetts. Daniel Shays was always known to love the military and the thought of it. He also wanted his role and reputation to be greatly known. His role in American history is colossal and extremely important. There are many great aspect of Daniel Shays; he stood up for what he believed in and led a remarkable rebellion. American Revolution At the beginning of the American Revolution, Daniel Shays joined a local militia. Eventually, he went on to join and fight in the American Revolution. He was a very courageous and hard soldier; he was well known for his smart and active personality. Meanwhile during the American Revolution, Shays went from a sergeant to a lieutenant. While fighting in the war, he was a very hard worker. In the American Revolution, he served five consecutive years being the best he can be. He finally reached to become captain of the Fifth Massachusetts Regiment of the Continental Army in 1777. Daniel Shay became known as a popular American Revolutionary War Captain. However, his powerful part in the war came to an end when he eventually got wounded and discharged from the ContinentalShow MoreRelatedThe Rights We Now Have Because Of Our Forefathers1505 Words   |  7 Pagesit and to those who can enforce it. As democracy is compared and analyzed we see how our past educated our fut ure. As a need for separation for our freedom our ancestors started with the Articles of confederation. Although it wasn’t strong enough history followed with the Constitution. Many people played a role in the development and this paper will examine the Federalists and their counterparts the non-federalist. This paper will also show the timeline pertaining to the articles of confederationRead MoreImportance Of Federalism And How The United States Structure Is Based Upon This Form Of Government2428 Words   |  10 PagesWell, I have to admit that I actually have learned a substantial amount of valuable knowledge regarding the academic field of study renowned as public policy this past spring semester. For instance, one particularly interesting fact of American policy history includes the fact that Shay’s rebellion was one of the final events that occurred which provided more support for the fact that the current national government under the Articles of the Confederat ion was not adequate to properly provide forRead MoreAmerican Revolutions Effects on American Society1292 Words   |  6 Pagesevents in United States history was the American Revolution. However, the significance of the event did not lay in the number of casualties or in Revolutionary wartime strategies. The importance of the Revolution lay in its effects of American Society. This landmark in American history has caused important changes to the government, affected vast and deep social changes, and altered the economic state of the newborn nation in the years of 1775 to 1800. From the American Revolution, the United StatesRead MoreThe American Revolution Or Devolution?1591 Words   |  7 PagesTrinity Colter Mrs. Blau United States History 11 May 2017 Revolution or Devolution? The American Revolution was the rebellion of British colonists against England, however, the cost of liberty may very well have been far too high due to the economic crisis which ensued and the inadequacy of the newly formed government, although the freedom to worship as they pleased was gained yet not everyone even benefited from the Revolution. It was an enormous win for the American revolutionaries, as were the buddingRead MoreThe Political Movement Of Paxton Boys2575 Words   |  11 Pagescolonies- even though the Quakers were very tolerant of the Indian people, this immigrant group, the Paxton boys, weren’t, and it showed through their actions. 15. Regulator Movement †¢ The Regulator Movement was a movement that took place in the 1760’s in South Carolina. It was an attempt by the colonists, spearheaded by the Scot-Irish, in protest of the eastern domination of colonial government, to restore law to the backcountries of South Carolina and help to establish local law. Many of the peopleRead MoreHow The United States Moved From It s Inept First Attempt At Self Government Progressing Essay1907 Words   |  8 Pagesthe world stage. To gain a deeper understanding of this topic, two essays and a book will be consulted concerning what people thought about the Constitution when it was first implemented and how it is perceived today. In addition, a brief history of early American government and how the Constitution came to be will be discussed. Furthermore the resulting Constitution and how it improved upon the Articles of Confederation will be discussed. During the Revolutionary War the Second Continental CongressRead MoreRatification Of The Constitutional Convention Stipulating Essay2264 Words   |  10 Pagescolonies(→states) agree to ratifying Constitution; acknowledged the existence of slaves and counted them in the population to increase representation; used as an argument for the continuance of slavery in America; lead to conflict on the rights of African American→ counted people as not fully people → gave states benefits without benefiting the total population; Articles of Confederation The compact among the original 13 states that was the basis of their gov.t: written in 1776→ ratified 1781 Trial afterRead MoreMark Twain Advice to Youth Summary5237 Words   |  21 PagesThe Origins of the Constitution Gordon S. Wood, Brown University When did the story of the Constitution begin? Some might say it ABOUT THE began over 2500 years ago in the city-states of ancient Greece. AUTHOR Others might place its beginnings nearly three-quarters of a millennium back in the fields of Runnymede. Still others might say Gordon S. Wood, is professor of history at the Constitution had its origins three centuries or so ago during Brown University, and the the tumultuous years of theRead MoreAmerican Revolution and Study Guide Essay example5377 Words   |  22 PagesTo what extent had the Massachusetts Bay colonists endorsed the idea of the â€Å"separation of church and state?† (10pts) 4. To what extent was the New England Confederation a first step toward colonial unity? (10 pts) Chapter 4 Study Guide â€Å"American Life, 1607-1692† 1. Compare and contrast the colonies of New England and the South based on the following: a. Economies b. Geography climate c. Mortality rate d. Sex ratios e. Family relationships/profiles (30pts) 2. Define indentured servitudeRead MoreIroquois Confederacy9092 Words   |  37 Pagesmaking them the countrys eighth most populous Native American group. Although Iroquoian tribes own seven reservations in New York state and one in Wisconsin, the majority of the people live off the reservations. An additional 5,000 Iroquois reside in Canada, where there are two Iroquoian reservations. The people are not averse to adopting new technology when it is beneficial, but they want to maintain their own traditional identity. HISTORY The Five Tribes that first joined to form the Iroquois

Essay about Stevie Wonder - 904 Words

Stevie Wonder Stevie Wonder has been a major figure within the Black Music scene over the last forty years. Stevie Wonder was born Steveland Judkins on May13, 1950, however, he now prefers to be known as Steveland Morris after his mothers married name. He was blind at birth. The cause was the prematurity of the eye. Blood vessels in the back of the eye hadnt reached the front of the eye thus when he was born, prematurely, that growth temporarily stopped then wildly took off branching out in the Vitreous of the eye. After his family moved to Detroit in 1954, Steveland joined a church choir, the gospel leanings on his music balanced by R B. In 1961, Ronnie White of the Miracles, who†¦show more content†¦His contract with Motown expired in 1971, rather than re-signing right away, as the label expected, Wonder financed the recording of two albums of his own material, playing almost all the instruments himself, and experimenting for the first time with more determined musical forms. He pioneered the use of the synthesizer in Black Music, and also broadened his lyrical concerns to include racial problems and spiritual questions. Wonder then used these recordings as a lift to convince Motown to offer a more open contract, which gave him complete artistic control over his music, plus the chance to hold the rights to the music publishing with his own company, Black Bull Music. The signing of the contract with the release of the solo recordings Where Im Coming From and Music Of My Mind, which, despite warm serious reaction, quickly established him at the head of black music. Talking Book, in 1972, combined the technical advances of recent albums with big profitable success, producing hit singles from the driving Superstition, to the ballad standard You Are The Sunshine Of My Life. Wonder married fellow Motown artist Syreeta on 14th September 1970; he premiered many of his new production techniques on Syreeta (1972)Show MoreRelatedStevie Wonder1180 Words   |  5 PagesStevie Wonder Stevland Hardaway Jenkins is what it may say on his birth certificate, but this world-renowned, transcendent artist is better known as Stevie Wonder. Even at birth, Stevie was ahead of his time. He was born premature and doctors were unsure if he would live. Stevie was placed in an incubator to save his life. As a result of the incubator supplying Stevie with too much oxygen, he was left blind. Throughout life, Stevie never let his disability hold him back. By age 10, he had alreadyRead MoreThe Role Of Models For A Person s Life1443 Words   |  6 PagesMusicians can also be role models and can be influential to individuals. Personally, I believe one of the most influential musicians would have to be Stevie Wonder. As a result of a premature birth, Stevie Wonder was born completely blind, he didn t let that hinder him at all. Wonder spent 51 years in the music business and won 22 Grammy awards. Stevie Wonder is a role model of mine because of his determination and obvious success t hrough overcoming adversity. Lastly, it’s hard to discuss role modelsRead MoreI Am Born On The World1238 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: Steveland (Stevie) Hardaway Judkins was born on the 13th of May, 1950 in Saginaw Michigan (Bio, 2015). Due to being born six weeks premature, Stevie was placed in an incubator to help maintain his breathing (Bio, 2015 Stevie Wonder, 2011). The forced oxygen caused the retinas in the back of his eyes to become unattached, leaving Stevie permanently blind (Bio, 2015). 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I was beginning to think Margie may have attention deficit disorder with the amount of times she tried changing the subject, b ut she finally starts listening to what Stevie is saying andRead MoreMusic, By Victor Hugo1135 Words   |  5 Pagesimportant role in further expressing our feelings embedded in a picture. Music has the ability to convey the feelings one would like to express but is unable to do so through pictures and words. Our feelings often come from memories; American musician Stevie Wonder (2004) mentioned, â€Å"music, at its essence, is what gives us memories. And the longer a song has existed in our lives, the more memories we have of it.† For someone like me that loves listening to music, we almost always try to picture the sceneRead MoreEssay Music Influence on the Civil Rights Movement1037 Words   |  5 Pagescredited with the success of influential artists such as: Marvin Gaye, Smokey Robinson, Stevie Wonder, etc. b. A lot of white people and people today believe Motown was only created for the money and the money was being kept tight around Gordy for his wealth. i. In 1966, Motown had 200 musicians under a contract, only 4 were paid. The four that were paid were Marvin Gaye, Smokey Robinson, Diana Wells, and Stevie Wonder. ii. Gordy Berry originally wanted his artists to have nothing to do with racismRead More Motown Essay584 Words   |  3 PagesGordy had gathered the best jazz and blues players in and Motown was born through his genius. This small but dynamic record company has produced and help make many stars that we all know today such as Diana Ross and the Supreme, The Temptations, Stevie Wonder, and more recently the Jackson 5, Boyz II Men , and Queen Latifah. It is very surprising that both the genre of Motown and Hitsville remind unharmed by racism for the most since Detroit has been historically known for severe racism and segregationRead More Critical Analysis of Theme for English B Essay629 Words   |  3 Pagesother. He comes to the conclusion that although each has something to contribute, neither of them is really free. The student will never be white (the paper), but the instructor can gain color (from the student). I think of the Paul McCartney and Stevie Wonder song Ebony and Ivory, and how the keys of a piano work together. Neither one can make as much music as when they work together. Although on first reading, I did not care for this poem. However, the more I read it and thought about what

School start times and its effects on Students Free Essays

If you were tired and were really un-alert, how would you execute at your occupation? Not really good, how do instructors, parent and rules expect us, the pupils, to execute at the highest degree we can without acquiring the slumber needed to make that? I believe school should get down later in the forenoon, because surveies say that pupils have been more watchful. If pupils are more alert they are more likely to make good in there academic surveies. The people who are for get downing school subsequently in the forenoon are pupils, parents and some principals. We will write a custom essay sample on School start times and its effects on Students or any similar topic only for you Order Now These people are for this, because in the surveies that have been conducted pupils have gotten better classs and there has been less student related auto wrecks. â€Å" There are informations that demonstrate that deficiency of slumber has negative effects for teens, and some informations show that younger drivers are more likely to hold accidents when they have unequal slumber † Verona, 1 ) . Although these are good grounds to be for this, there are some people that do differ, including some principals, who think it wont work, and parents who think it will cut into there work clip to take pupils to school, and the pupils who think it will impact extracurricular activities. Some principals think that if they start school subsequently that they will be pampering the adolescents, and it will non school will non learn adolescents good wonts. Besides some parents think that it ‘s non the schools mistake, but the adolescents, they say adolescents stay up excessively late, and besides they say that the teens do n’t give themselves plenty to kip. Some parents say that if the schools start subsequently, the teens wo n’t hold any clip to make what they need to acquire done after they get out of school. The experts say that schools get downing later may be indulging them a little excessively much. If you think this, here are some grounds that might carry you to e xchange sides. With the earlier start times pupils have been less down, non merely did the instructors say this, but the foremans of the pupils who had after school occupations had said that the pupil is less down and is working harder to make better in his occupation. Even if the classs did n’t travel up, the attempt is at that place. Edina and Minneapolis, two schools that have made the alteration to get down subsequently, there after school patterns may hold been shorter, but these two schools have competed the same, if non better, than they have in the past old ages. Some schools are taking action into doing excess curricular activities work. There have been studies of schools shortening all of the categories and alternatively of to two yearss that are spread out its one large long twenty-four hours so that the agenda would work. The mean adolescent needs up to nine hours of slumber or even more on a given dark to work decently the following forenoon. Kayla Wahlstrom has done surveies with all kinds of different schools. â€Å" Students have reported less depression when there was a ulterior start clip ; instructors reported that pupils were more watchful and ready for the school twenty-four hours † ( Wahlstrom, 1 ) . Wahlstrom besides found that there were less bead outs when schools started after 8:00 a.m. 20 % of pupils fall asleep in category everyday. Experts say that the start of simple school times and high school start times are switched. If the start times were based on the sleep rhythms of pupils, high school would get down subsequently and simple would get down earlier. Adolescents are at there deepest slumber two hours before they wake up. If something interrupts that period of slumber, say waking up for school, it can go forth teens sleep deprived, dazed and un-alert, down and will non desire to larn. A survey at St. Georges High School says that since they have been get downing later, pupils have reported holding better tempers towards instructors, arrived to category on clip, and has even eaten a better breakfast. If the pupils eat a better breakfast so â€Å" Sleep want can impact temper, public presentation, attending, larning, behaviour and biological maps † ( Sheldon, 2 ) . â€Å" Sleeping is like eating, it is executing a biological map that is required † ( Sheldon, 2 ) Some pupils think this is an exceptionally good thought, as you would conceive of. There was a survey done at Walter Johnson High School in Bethesda. Here was what a couple pupils had to state about get downing school in the ulterior hours of the forenoon. â€Å" If I was able to acquire more slumber in the forenoon, I would be able to remain awake in all my afternoon categories † ( Nazdin, 3 ) . Although some pupils think this is a really good thought, some do n’t. There have been studies where pupils think this should n’t go on, because they think it will interfere with the after school activities, such as, occupations athleticss and jobs that need to be done at place. The National Sleep Foundation ( NSF ) did a random survey on pupils go toing Harrington High School. Here are the statistics of that survey. 78 % said that it was hard to acquire up in the forenoon. 16 % said they thought they got plenty sleep. 70 % said they thought their classs would better. 90 % thought that the faculty members of the whole school would better. Besides the pupils said they did non experience alert or prepared to take a trial in the forenoon. The pupils besides said that they think the ideal clip to take a trial is 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. Most pupils are taking trial at 8 or 8:30 in the forenoon, this clip is when pupils need to be merely waking up, non taking trials. A survey showed that pupils who took trials in the afternoon have gotten better trial tonss than pupils who took trials in the early forenoon. You may non believe me but the statistics do n’t lie. Every school that has been tested with get downing school subsequently, the classs have been better, attitudes happier, less drowsing and less childs falling asleep in category. If the schools do start later they will see dramatic alteration in the classs, attitudes and there will be less auto wrecks. All this information above supports this. In the province of Rhode Island, 201 schools have changed their start times and all have had additions in things I ‘ve told you that they would increase in. â€Å" I think the grounds truly is mounting that it ‘s an project that ‘s good deserving at least sing † ( Owens, 4 ) . Schools need to get down get downing later in the forenoon if they want to get down holding better classs, fewer dropouts and less auto wrecks. Most pupils start at that place twenty-four hours at 7:30 in the forenoon. For at least 75 % of those pupils that is manner excessively early. Like a said before, adolescents need the lower limit of nine hours of slumber, and merely 22 % of pupils get that nine hours of slumber. The pupils that get the sum of slumber that is recommended for adolescents will be the 1 who get better classs feel better about themselves because they ‘re acquiring better classs, and they will be less down. The pupils will be more up-beat and more watchful if they had non gotten adequate slumber. My point is schools need to get down get downing later in the forenoon. If they do n’t, pupils will maintain dropping out and maintain acquiring bad classs. If we start subsequently, none of the bad things will come to the pupils if we would hold started subsequently in the forenoon. In decision, schools all around America need to get down subsequently, as you can see a batch of bad things can come to your pupils if we do n’t get down categories subsequently, including bad classs, depression, and bead outs these are all grounds why sc hools need to get down subsequently. How to cite School start times and its effects on Students, Essay examples

GENDER DISCRIMINATION Essay Example For Students

GENDER DISCRIMINATION Essay What is discrimination? It is that anytime a distinction is made in favor of or against a person or thing on the basis of an unfavorable opinion formed beforehand. We have all heard examples of such treatment, and most of us have experienced it ourselves. Unfortunately, most of it occurs in the very places that should be above it, beginning in school and continuing into the workplace. In addition to age, gender is one of the universal dimensions on which status differences are based. Unlike sex, which is a biological concept, gender is a social construct specifying the socially and culturally prescribed roles that men and women are to follow. Fourth, men are the householders despite the fact that most households are ran by women and are biologically more connected to the children. Lastly, although many girls of today consider diverse jobs, some are hindered by their gender. Although it is said that women are treated equal to men, it is not true and more measures should be taken and more effort put into equalizing men and women. Women have never been scientifically proven to be inferior to men. It is generally true that men have better physical features for physical work. Nevertheless, it has been proven that women mature faster, learn faster and they are not as easily sidetracked. However there were myths that women are inferior to men. For example, in the nineteenth century it was widely believed that only women could become mentally ill. Until Sigmund Freuds work on the human mind, and the hard gained work of many psychologists, people believed that myth to be true. To make things worse for feminists, the bible, Genesis 2:21; And the Lord God caused a sleep to fall upon Adam, and he slept; and he took one of his ribs, and closed up the flesh instead thereof. And the rib, which the Lord God had taken from man, made he a woman.. infers that men are superior to women. For centuries, bible believing communities believed this as the truth and women in those communities were to obey her husbands. This type of belief that women should obey their husbands can be seen in almost every country. It is hard to figure out where this point of view came about. It is widely agreed by many anthropologists that matrilineal societies existed all over the world in the beginning of human history. Although matrilineal societies cant be said to be better than patrillineal societies, women and men should always be equal with each other in any given society. In the past, women were considered mere pleasure and did not have the same rights as men. For example, during the Koryo Period in Korea, after the wedding, the bride cut her ties with her own family and entered her husbands. A Woman was to obey her father as a child, her brothers if her father died, obey her husband when she got married and then obey her sons when her husband died. Women were to obey her husband even when he wasnt even loyal to her. Divorce was considered a disgrace in the community and a divorced woman had no place to go. The only way she was able to take out her anger was on the own daughter in law. .u74c781b4ad323000b409e2749277c80b , .u74c781b4ad323000b409e2749277c80b .postImageUrl , .u74c781b4ad323000b409e2749277c80b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u74c781b4ad323000b409e2749277c80b , .u74c781b4ad323000b409e2749277c80b:hover , .u74c781b4ad323000b409e2749277c80b:visited , .u74c781b4ad323000b409e2749277c80b:active { border:0!important; } .u74c781b4ad323000b409e2749277c80b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u74c781b4ad323000b409e2749277c80b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u74c781b4ad323000b409e2749277c80b:active , .u74c781b4ad323000b409e2749277c80b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u74c781b4ad323000b409e2749277c80b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u74c781b4ad323000b409e2749277c80b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u74c781b4ad323000b409e2749277c80b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u74c781b4ad323000b409e2749277c80b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u74c781b4ad323000b409e2749277c80b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u74c781b4ad323000b409e2749277c80b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u74c781b4ad323000b409e2749277c80b .u74c781b4ad323000b409e2749277c80b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u74c781b4ad323000b409e2749277c80b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Cryptosporidium Essay In Korean culture, even today, divorce is considered a disgrace even when 40% of couples to divorce. It is also easier on the man during a divorce. Men, being occupied with their work, and being able to let out their stress with drinking and smoking without being thought strange, have less time to mull about their divorce. In addition, .

Environment Pollution in Dhaka City free essay sample

In recent time, the area of Dhaka city is about 1353 sq. km. This mega city has become the hub of the nations industrial, commercial, cultural, educational and political activities. Todays Dhaka has a long story of evolution. The Present Condition of Dhaka: Dhaka is the 9th largest city, and one of the most densely populated cities in the world. In current, the population of Dhaka city is near 2 corers. Hence, the condition of Dhaka City is going to be bad to worse on the view of living condition. Every day we face different types of problems such as water crisis problem, gas problem, ccommodation problem, security problem, load shading problem, traffic Jam, sound pollution problem, overpopulation problem, air pollution problem, environment pollution problem, garbage problem, sanitation problem, transport problem, land pollution problem, roads problem etc. which are the key causes behind to be bad to worse condition of Dhaka City. We will write a custom essay sample on Environment Pollution in Dhaka City or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The people are becoming crazy, and children are not getting a healthy environment in order to grow up properly in the city. In these circumstances, if the condition remain same for a long time, the future condition of Dhaka city shall be dangerous. These problems are increasing day by day. These problems cannot be solved in a day. So we must follow different rules and regulations to solve these problems. In our view, as soon as possible, if Bangladesh govt. will take a robust plan; the dreadful condition of Dhaka City may be eliminated. At the same time, the people of Dhaka can also act a vital role in order to make the city healthy as well as wealthy. With the development of technology, over consumption and inadequate emissions of waste have a considerable impact on the air, water, forest and wildlife which leads to various problems to human life. This essay will give an overview of the sources as well as the negative impacts of those problems and possible solutions for the problem.: Water crisis problem is a great problem in Dhaka city. The problem cannot solve in a stop the misuse of water. After using the water we should stop the taps, fountains etc. after filling the tangs we should stop the stitch of connecting lines. We should be conscious to use the water. Our government should take proper steps to control the waste of the water

Primary and Support Activities of Value Chain free essay sample

Raytheon Company has created new software that improves the logistics system of the company by providing constant tracking data of all products in the inventory, which has saved the company nearly $9M. MTrak is a web-based system that includes the Microsoft . Net technology, which is used to capture bar-code scans and combines it with information from the mainframe computer to provide tracking of all inventories anywhere within the company. A lot of stuff got lost, company had to have multiple people sitting by the phones to take the calls asking where the parts were. The creation of MTrak brings Raytheon online with its competitors in the industry. While the system does not create a competitive advantage to Raytheon, it does negate the disadvantage of a bad supply control system. The creation of MTrak contributes to the entire value chain by tracking the products from the beginning of the chain at Inbound Logistics, through Operations, Outbound Logistics, Marketing and Sales, through to the end of the chain at Service. We will write a custom essay sample on Primary and Support Activities of Value Chain or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Technology and Competitive Forces The major problem at Raytheon was lost inventory. The suppliers were not to blame because they were able to account for every piece of property they supplied through their fully automated supply chains. From the beginning, the goal was to create a system that would track all materials used by Raytheon such as resistors, capacitors and customized computer chips from the time of order through receiving, testing, placement in inventory and final use in a military field radio, handheld motion sensor or some other Raytheon product . Whenever Raytheon received calls for a missing delivery personnel would physically search the area to see if the product was still there. In some cases, if the item couldn’t be found the employees would reorder the item so production schedules could be met.. The MTrak is a web-based system that includes such technologies as Microsoft . Net and Biz Talk 2004. These technologies, which captures bar-code scans and other information on incoming deliveries, combine it with other information from the mainframe system such as purchase-order inventory, anufacture-scheduling data. The integration of the MTrak and mainframe computers is possible through the use of software provided by WRQ Verastream. This system lets employees track the status and movement of parts throughout the entire company from a web browser. Competitive Forces-Value Chain The Value Chain consists of five Primary Value Chain Activities and four generic categories of support activities. The primary value chain activ ities are supported by the generic categories. In this case the primary chain activities that are being supported are the Inbound Logistics, Operations, Outbound Logistics, and Marketing and Sales. The supporting category is Technology Development. Raytheon created this technology in-house with publicly available software. Even though integrating the software into the daily business of the company did not create a competitive advantage, Raytheon was able to save money in many areas including lost inventory, delayed production, and outsourcing software development. Supporting the Company The MTrak tracking system provides a state-of-the-art software package that provides Raytheon with the means to track its entire inventory throughout the entire company from a web browser. This technology improves the value chain of the entire company. Though the use of this technology, Raytheon will be on a level playing field with other companies in the industry. It may even spur Raytheon an advantage in the future as the company continues to grow.

The Definition of Atomic Volume and How to Calculate It

The Definition of Atomic Volume and How to Calculate It The atomic volume is the volume one mole of an element occupies at room temperature. Atomic volume is typically given in cubic centimeters per mole: cc/mol. The atomic volume is a calculated value using the atomic weight and the density using the formula: atomic volume atomic weight/density Alternatives Another way to calculate atomic volume is to use the atomic or ionic radius of an atom (depending on whether or not you are dealing with an ion). This calculation is based on the idea of an atom as a sphere, which isnt precisely accurate. However, its a decent approximation. In this case, the formula for the volume of a sphere is used, where r is the atomic radius: volume (4/3)(Ï€)(r3) Example For example, a hydrogen atom has an atomic radius of 53 picometers. The volume of a hydrogen atom would be: volume (4/3)(Ï€)(533) volume 623000 cubic picometers (approximately)

Leadership Apollo 13 movie Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Leadership Apollo 13 movie - Essay Example One of the key characters in the film is Jim Lovell; whose real name is real life is Tom Hanks. Tom Hanks depicts the qualities of a leader as depicted by DuBrin in his book â€Å"Leadership†. Jim Lovell portrays some of the most appropriate leadership character traits which deal with interpersonal aspects of a leader. According to DuBrin, Leadership has everything to do with motivation and change among other aspects (35). Other aspects that DuBrin classifies as part of a leader’s role are the administrative and planning aspects. Apollo 13 has the appropriate example of how a leader should act when there are challenges, which are unexpected in an organization. Jim Lovell is portrayed as a charismatic leader, one who is quick in action and a fast thinker when there is a crisis. This character trait is evident in one of the scenes where Jim Lovell and other astronauts approach their long awaited destination. Before landing, the craft’s power system starts having a problem and the crew’s supply of oxygen also runs out. This is the time Jim Lovell’s leadership skills are put to the test when the crew begins to panic. The crew members were aware that there was a problem and time was running out. From this scene, viewers get to see Jim Lovell as a democratic leader, as he favors no crew member when they start panicking and each member is allowed to contribute to decision making. As DuBrin indicates in his book, for a person to be considered an effective leader, he or she has to be aware of cer tain tactics of influencing people (263). On page 263, DuBrin’s point is that when such a person has the ability to influence, he has the power as a leader. Jim Lovell is also depicted as a hands-on leader. DuBrin states that hands-on leadership is required in all areas, if the leader is to be classified as an effective leader (250). Lovell is directly involved in the lives of his crew members. This can be evidenced in the beginning of the film, where Lovell decides

TV Show Presentation Speech or Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

TV Show - Speech or Presentation Example It is time for the History Channel to produce its first original hour long dramatic TV series. The success of Roots back in the 1970s and the Tudors on Showtime today proves that there is an audience for a well-produced drama that engages with exciting history. It is our intention to produce for you a show that focuses like a laser on historical accuracy while also providing your audience with entertainment unlike they can find anywhere else. Some might call this show a soap opera, but do you know how Webster's defines a soap opera It is a serial drama chiefly characterized by tangled interpersonal situations. In other words, you could describe Desperate Housewives as a soap opera as well as William Shakespeare's Hamlet as a soap opera. The difference, of course, lies in the construction and the presentation. Was Buffy the Vampire Slayer not simply a soap opera with vampires And yet, today you can find college courses devoted to themes and philosophy of that show, as well as highly s killed academic papers. Call it a soap opera, or a historical drama, our show is guaranteed to draw viewers in with sex, violence, romance, backstabbing, politics, religions and some of the most infamous historical figures of all time. The title of our show tells it all: The Borgias.

An Analysis Of Italian National Interests Politics Essay

An Analysis Of Italian National Interests Politics Essay National interest incorporates within it many things. Since the beginning of the nineteenth century, events have shown us that Italy and many of its leaders and politicians have always found it difficult to opt for a particular direction in both internal as well as external affairs. Whilst fighting against the Hapsburg Empire for independence in the nineteenth century, various Italian politicians proposed several options and alternatives that Italy could take. All of this brought conflict of interests and ideas in Italy and no-one was sure which road Italy should follow. In the quest for independence, the Italians knew what to remove but not what to implement instead. In the twentieth century, national interest changed frequently and much of this depended on the leaders of the time and on external events. The fact that Italian governments have changed so frequently in the past century is a clear example of how Italian governments and politicians never agreed on where their national i nterests lied. This paper will focus on how hard the Italians have found it to agree on their national interests and the reasons behind such a statement. This paper will then analyse to what extent such a statement is true and whether agreements between the Italians and Italian politicians regarding the matter have been reached. Special focus will be given on Italys relationship with Europe and the US and certain domestic policies as well as on the Italians view on the Arab World and the Mediterranean. Italys national interests Italy has had a history of changing alliances at the opportune moment in order to suit its interests. This shows that the Italians were never certain on what they really wanted. In the First World War, Italy joined the Entente when it had been an ally of both Germany and Austria-Hungary for so long. On the other hand, in the run-up towards the Second World War, Italy was attracted to Germany and its way of thinking and, when Germany rearmed and was pictured by many as the current strongest power, Italy did not hesitate to join Hitler in an alliance  [1]  . When Mussolini came into power in the 1920s, national interest lied in that of expansion and irredentismo. Mussolini wanted to promote the grandeur of Italy by conquering territories in Northern Africa and in some parts of Europe. Such an expansionist foreign policy agenda changed abruptly with the fall of the fascist regime in Italy and a new direction of national interest became important. Italian national interest then chang ed again with the end of the war as the Italian population and government sought the help and friendship of the United States  [2]  . The two main rival parties in the period were the Communists and the Christian Democrats and both had very diverse interests and foreign policy agendas. Immediately after the war, Italy promoted its interests in the international arena and this is seen in its quests for European Integration and in that of joining the North Atlantic Alliance yet such notions and ideas had to wait until the arrival of De Gasperi for them to become the new direction of Italys foreign policy: Italy under the leadership of Alcide De Gasperi became one of the founding countries of European integration, when the European Community and NATO were the two main pillars in postwar Italian foreign policy.  [3]   Putting these agendas aside, many argue that, during the First Italian Republic, national interest was not focused on the international context. This statement is quite correct especially when seeing how the culture of national interests did not reach its full potential due to the political elites interest in domestic rather than in foreign affairs. Due to certain issues occurring in Italy today it may seem as though the Italians are more concerned about their domestic affairs rather than their external ones  [4]  . The huge importance given to issues such as Silvio Berlusconis scandals and personal life is a clear example of this. Some newspapers are more focused on these particular affairs rather than what is happening abroad. The fact that domestic affairs was important then and is still so relevant now, brings to mind the thought that, in certain aspects, the Italians have managed to find a compromise between them. Others will say otherwise especially after analyzing Italian foreign policy in the second half of the twentieth century. Italy opted for an active foreign policy agenda as it tried to restore the honour it had lost as a result of The Second World War. Upon joining the European Union, Italys economy flourished considerably as can be witnessed in the 1960s. This was a result of increased industrial development and new economic reforms. When analyzing such issues, it could be said, therefore, that Italys national interests lay mostly in Europeanism as Italy became a strong and active member in European affairs and integration and it benefited a lot from its membership. Most political parties in Italy were and still are very pro-EU and Italy was always amongst the highest in Europe which had a strong public opinion with regards to the European integration process. Though the Communist party was quite anti-European in its policies, it changed attitude during the 1970s when it saw European integration as a means to promote its national interests. Hence, this led to support for integration becoming nearly unanimous in Italy  [5]  . Many believe that Italian national identity was weakened because of the relations between the state and the church in Italy especially during the nation-building process  [6]  . The church has always maintained a strong role in Italy and this is mostly due to the reason that the Vatican City is the centre of Catholicism. Hence, the church has been very influential in events happening both at the national level as well as on the international level and in fact, since unification and even in issues such as Italian-Arab relations, the church has always expressed its views and opinion on what Italys approach to such matters should be. Though Italys activity in European processes and activities was always present, it still wasnt recognized as a major power in the EU but was seen as a large member state among small ones, but incapable of taking its place among the big ones in the Union  [7]  . Italys inability to implement certain European legal norms, as can be witnessed in certain aspects such as that of freedom of expression, has reduced its credibility in the European context and even resulted in Italys less influential role when it comes to decision-making. Italy, however did try to promote its Europeanism especially in issues such as that of a European Monetary Union to which Italy gave much support. It was during Romano Prodis Italian Premiership when Italy became more credible as a result of its joining of the Euro-zone. This credibility was then again lessened with the arrival of Silvio Berlusconi who had a more Euro-skeptical attitude in his foreign policy. Many scholars and analysts believe that this attitude was a main reason of why national interest was seen as unstable and unclear. Until the 1990s, Italy was quite pro-European, however, when Berlusconi became Prime Minister, this changed. In fact, Berlusconi conflicted quite often with other heads of European states especially with the French President and German Chancellor. Further proof of this erosion of Europeanism can be witnessed in the resignation of Italys foreign affairs minister, Renato Ruggiero, who was a pro-European  [8]  . Berlusconi, apart from being Prime Minister, had been minister of foreign affairs and his motives and interests were clearly seen in his policies. Berlusconi preferred to maintain good relations with American President George W. Bush rather than focusing his strength on maintaining excellent EU relations. He wanted the American administration to see Italy as its closest European partner after Britain and that is why, Italy gave America its full support in many issues and crises. Italys conflicting interests between Europeanism and Atlanticism did not start with Berlusconi. Sergio Romano comments on how the Italians believed that the Second World War was not lost by the nation but rather by the fascist government and this explains why, after overthrowing Mussolinis regime, Italy was still willing to seek cooperation with other states. As from the late 1940s Italys cooperation with the US grew especially due to the Marshall Plan which, according to Romano, ebbe maggiore influenza sul profile internazionale del paese e sul sistema politico italiano negli anni seguenti  [9]  . In the meantime, Italy was very confident in the fact that it could play an important role in European as well as in Mediterranean affairs. The world order after World War II was very different than that prior to the war. Not only did countries like Italy lose certain territories such as Istria, Libya, Eritrea and Ethiopia but, now, there was the rise of communism and nation states suc h as Italy had to respond to such crises. The Marshall Plan wasnt only implemented for the restructuring of Europe, but also to combat the communist threat of the Soviet Union. The plan was also aimed to bring unity in Europe and this influenced the policies of Italian politicians and how they behaved at the international level  [10]  . National interest, in a few years, had changed radically from one being aimed to promote Italy and its grandeur to one which promoted Italys activeness and participation in an international community. After 1947, Italys policies started reflecting those of the United States of America. Hence, not only was it interested in economic development and restructuring, but was also intrigued by implementing a democratic government, rights and freedoms as well as having an anti-communist task force. Because Italy followed these concepts, it was also interested in having a united Europe and, as explained above, was among the first to promote cooperation am ong European states. Italys national interest was always divided between that of Europeanism and that of maintaining excellent cordial relations with the US and such a phenomenon may still be said to be going on today. Many countries were against Italy joining the Atlantic Alliance and the Italian government was particularly keen on changing the negative assumptions that these countries had about it. Such countries believed that: Se fosse stata ammessa avrebbe costretto lAlleanza a difendere non soltanto lAtlantico del Nord ma buona parte del mediterraneo, avrebbe dato un contributo insignificante alla difesa commune, e avrebbe probabilmente approfittato della sua partecipazione per avanzare una volta querule richieste coloniali.  [11]   De Gasperi and Sforza saw that these ideas had to change as Italy needed to develop economically as well as improve its security. Without the help of foreign powers it couldnt do much. Even if other countries had no faith in Italy, the latter knew that it could count on the US to provide for Italys needs. The USA was, and still is, considered as a super power and could provide for the security of others apart from itself. The transition that Italian national interest was taking clearly shows how Italian leaders realised that Italy should not be overconfident in its approaches and be as ambitious as it was in the time of Mussolini. Even nowadays, Italy is trying to maintain the best of relations with the US as the former knows that America can provide Italy with financial aid and security. Apart from this, by maintaining a relationship with the worlds superpower, Italy and Italian opinion could become more credible and attractive in the international arena. De Gasperi and Sforzas opposition and criticisms which were coming from within the mainland clearly proves how national interest differed from one party to another. Apart from being criticized by the national liberals, both statesmen found opposition in the Catholics of the left, the socialists and in the communists all of which had considerable influence in Italy  [12]  . Hence, national interest varied in Italy as some opted for expansion and the regaining of national prestige, others for the weakening of the Western front whilst others were willing to make Italy a determining power in international affairs. Nonetheless, both De Gasperi and Sforza tried to establish strong positions not only in the US, especially after joining NATO in 1949, but also in Europe and this is evident when analyzing the relationship Italy had with countries like France. Since the time of de Gaulle, and especially under Georges Bidault, France considered Italy as an important ally and friend. In this issue another phenomenon regarding national interest is evident. This is Italys interest in safeguarding the Mediterranean and Italy, since Mussolinis rule up until today, was one of the major players when it comes to security in the Mediterranean. France, who had interests in Northern Africa, agreed to help Italy in this task and, since EU membership, Italian statesmen, ministers and politicians have promoted the idea of Mediterranean security even more  [13]  . Italian Prime Minister Aldo Moro, as did many others, maintained good relations with Mediterranean countries including Malta so as to maintain a stable and secure Mediterranean region. Italys interest in the Mediterranean may be a reason why the country is so keen on maintaining stable relations with the Arab world. Since the era of Fanfani and Moro, and even before that, up till today, Italian relations with Arab countries have been quite positive. This can be seen in Italys involvement in the Suez Crisis and in the Six-Days War and also in the fact that Italy always expressed its opinion with regards to the Middle-East conflict and offered means to aid the people affected by the war  [14]  . Many say that Italy has boosted its market-share and maintained a high political profile in the Arab world and in the Persian-Gulf and this is evident in countries like Qatar, UAE, Oman, Kuwait and many others. Embassies have been set up in these countries, exports increased and relations with them have improved due to the issuing of new contracts. Also, with regards to some states, Italy is the only remaining European trading partner as can be seen in the case of Iran  [15]  . Many believe that, though Italy has had a strong pro-European perspective, European enthusiasm has fallen considerably in the past years. According to a survey last year, only a small percentage of the Italian population actually believed that Italy was benefiting from its relationship with the EU. Italy has indeed fought for the strengthening and widening of the European Union, however, with the acceptance of the Constitutional Treaty, the introduction of the Euro and with the incorporation of many new pacts and treaties allowing greater EU say in decision making, Italians are starting to question what role has the national sphere left to play. From the period 2001 till 2006 the European Union was rarely consulted and called upon when Italy discussed matters of policy and foreign affairs. Even though Prodi was a pro-European, the two years he spent as Italian Prime Minister following 2006 werent enough to change the European outlook towards Italy. It seemed that Italy was changing f rom being one of the most active and respected members in Europe into a country which acted as an obstacle to the European Union. Events such as Italys exclusion from key talks on important issues suggest that the above statement is true and that Europe and the European Union had lost faith in Italy  [16]  . In Italy there was always a diverging of interests between the centre-left and the centre-right parties. The issue of multilateralism in this context becomes important. Under Berlusconis centre-right government this process was threatened especially due to the fact that the Prime Minister had little faith in such a process. Berlusconi, always projected as being so Euro-skeptic, has always preferred to maintain bilateral relations with countries such as the US and with certain countries in Europe rather than having many relations on a multilateral level. This statement is clearly supported by the fact that international organizations have never regarded Italy under Berlusconi as an important asset especially since the centre-right participated mostly in multilateral agreements and in international organizations only if there was something to gain from them. Centre-left parties, on the other hand have always taken a different approach and have always preferred to maintain strong multil ateral bonds especially with the European Union and its institutions. On the other hand the centre-left was then skeptic on the relationship with the US and this is evident in the centre-left parties criticisms towards the US and some of its policies  [17]  . Conclusion The fact that so many different governments were set up after 1945 and the phenomenon that only nowadays is an Italian political party managing to stay in government a full term is a clear reason on the state of agreement on national interests is in Italy. The huge number of fragmented parties in Italy means that it is difficult for Italy to come to a consensus on both domestic affairs as well as on international affairs. All the parties have different national interests and this may be the cause of why many believe that the statement that there hasnt been agreement on where Italys national interests lied was and still is the reality of Italy. Even the events of 2008 when Romano Prodis government collapsed is a sign on how the Italians are still struggling to find an agreement on where their national interests lie. Never before in the post-World War II history of Italy, had a government been unsupported by its own majority because of disagreement (within that same majority) on how to run the countrys foreign policy.  [18]   Such an event, however, will not change the real aims of Italys foreign policy and will not affect the reasons of why Italy has acted the way it did in the international arena in the past years. Italian politics in the last decades has always been directed towards achieving a more peaceful world. What Italy has done in the Middle-East and in Europe was done to strengthen unity as well as to bring stability in societies. On this matter, national interest is quite concrete and everyone, starting from Italys political elite moving down to the lowest classes of society, has had the same ideology and realm of interests with regards to having peace in the world. Though this is a huge contrast to the Italy prior to the war, it shows how, though national interest in Italy does tend to change rapidly, the Italian population may find agreement on certain issues especially on matters which are considered important and vital to the international sphere. Hence, it can be concluded that the statement that the Italians have never agreed on where their national interests lie isnt entirely true. Though Italian national interest did change quite frequently along the years, there were times when it was stable and followed a clear path. The fact that Berlusconi was elected for the third time has resulted in national interest to become clearer. Before the end of the cold war, the diverging national interest between that of a pro-European and a pro-American agenda was more evident. Now, with Berlusconi as Prime Minister, it seems that the divide isnt as evident especially with Berlusconis close relationship with the US and his lack of faith in Europe. Agreement on national interest, however, was never entirely present in Italy and may still be seen like that nowadays. It is unclear if Italian politicians are more interested in domestic rather than in international affairs and. Apart from this, Italy still maintains good relations with Mediter ranean countries as well as with the Arab world and is always keen in intervening wherever there is an issue abroad and this further confuses scholars and analysts trying to come out with where Italian national interest really lies.